What an HO-3 policy actually covers (and the 6 gaps almost everyone has)
The standard US homeowner policy is an HO-3 — open-perils on the dwelling, named-perils on personal property. The structure is covered for any cause of loss except the policy's specific exclusions, while contents are only covered against the 16 named perils listed in the policy form. Coverage is broken into six standard parts: Coverage A (dwelling), B (other structures), C (personal property), D (loss of use), E (personal liability), and F (medical payments to others).
The six gaps that surprise homeowners after a claim: (1) flood is never covered — you need a separate NFIP or private flood policy; (2) earthquake is excluded everywhere except California (and rarely included there); (3) sewer-and-drain backup is excluded by default and costs $40–$80/yr to add as an endorsement; (4) roof replacement-cost vs. actual cash value — most carriers in TX, FL, OK, CO now default to ACV on roofs over 10 years; (5) ordinance-and-law coverage (cost to rebuild to current code) is capped at 10% of dwelling by default; (6) personal property pays at ACV unless you specifically add Replacement Cost Coverage.
Average HO-3 premium in 2026 is $2,481/year nationally per the Insurance Information Institute — up 22% in 24 months, driven by reinsurance hardening, secondary-peril losses (hail, wind, wildfire), and replacement-cost inflation. Florida averages $6,000+; Hawaii and Vermont still under $1,200.